Cisplatin (cisplatin injection) (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) is a heavy metal complex containing a central atom of platinum surrounded by two chloride atoms and two ammonia molecules in the cis position. It is a white powder with the molecular formula PtCl2H6N2, and a molecular weight of 300.05. It is soluble in water or saline at 1 mg/mL and in dimethylformamide at 24 mg/mL.
It is a platinum coordination complex. It causes cross linking of DNA; favoured site being N7 of guanine residue. It can also react with –SH groups in proteins and has radiomimetic property. It is bound to plasma proteins, enters, tissues & is slowly excreted unchanged in urine. Cisplatin is very effective in metastatic testicular & ovarian carcinoma. It has found use in some other solid tumours as well.
INDICATION :-
Cisplatin injection is indicated as therapy to be employed as follows:
Metastatic Testicular Tumors – In established combination therapy with other approved chemotherapeutic agents in patients with metastatic testicular tumors who have already received appropriate surgical and/or radiotherapeutic procedures.
Metastatic Ovarian Tumors – In established combination therapy with other approved chemotherapeutic agents in patients with metastatic ovarian tumors who have already received appropriate surgical and/or radiotherapeutic procedures. An established combination consists of cisplatin (cisplatin injection) and cyclophosphamide. Cisplatin (cisplatin injection) , as a single agent, is indicated as secondary therapy in patients with metastatic ovarian tumors refractory to standard chemotherapy who have not previously received cisplatin (cisplatin injection) therapy.
Advanced Bladder Cancer – Cisplatin (cisplatin injection) is indicated as a single agent for patients with transitional cell bladder cancer which is no longer amenable to local treatments such as surgery and/or radiotherapy,